Use of enzymes in diets with different percentages of added fat for broilers / Uso de enzimas em dietas com diferentes porcentagens de adição de gordura para frangos de corte

We assessed the extent to which the removal of fat source, and consequently its compounds, such as linoleic acid, can affect the performance of broilers. We used 600 male Cobb 500 day old chicks. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with five treatments and six replicates of 20 birds each. The treatments were: (T1) diet - positive control (PC), which met the nutritional needs; (T2) diet - negative control (CN), a reduction of 100kcal/kg and low linoleic acid content; (T3): diet - negative control reformulated for low linoleic acid content and a set of Quantum phytase XT and Econase XT 25 (BAL + QFit-Eco), (T4): diet - negative control reformulated, with the percentage of linoleic acid adjusted to an intermediate value between the value of the diet and diet CP and CN to use a set of Quantum phytase XT and XT Econase 25 (IAL + QFit-Eco) and (T5): diet - negative control reformulated, with the percentage of linoleic acid adjusted to a value similar to that of the positive control diet and joint use of Quantum phytase XT and XT Econase 25 (AAL + QFit-Eco). The joint use of Quantum Phytase and Econase promoted improvement in the performance of broilers from 1 to 21 days. The greatest weight gain was obtained with diets containing percentages of total fat and linoleic acids. Dietary supplementation with enzymes resulted in higher levels of calcium in the tibia, whatever the percentage of linoleic studied.

Avaliou-se até que ponto a retirada de fonte de gordura e, consequentemente, de seus compostos, como o ácido linoleico, pode afetar o desempenho dos frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 600 pintos de um dia, machos da linhagem Cobb 500. As aves foram distribuídas num delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições de 20 aves cada. Os tratamentos foram: (T1) dieta-controle positivo (CP), que atendeu às necessidades nutricionais; (T2) dieta-controle negativo (CN), com redução de 100kcal de EM/kg e baixo teor de ácido linoleico; (T3): dieta- controle negativo reformulada, para baixo teor de ácido linoleico e com uso conjunto de Quantum fitase XT e Econase XT 25 (BAL+ Qfit-Eco); (T4): dieta-controle negativo reformulada, com porcentagem de ácido linoleico ajustada para um valor intermediário entre o valor da dieta CN e da dieta CP e com uso conjunto de Quantum fitase XT e Econase XT 25 (IAL + Qfit-Eco) e (T5): dieta-controle negativo reformulada, com porcentagem de ácido linoleico ajustada para um valor semelhante ao da dieta-controle positivo e com uso conjunto de Quantum fitase XT e Econase XT 25 (AAL+ Qfit-Eco ). O uso conjunto de Quantum Fitase e Econase promoveu melhora no desempenho dos frangos de corte de um a 21 dias. O maior ganho de peso foi obtido com dietas que continham porcentagens de gorduras totais e de ácido linoleico. A suplementação com as enzimas resultou em maior teor de cálcio nas tíbias, independentemente da porcentagem de ácido linoleico estudada.

Sodium levels for Japanese quail at initial phases.

The aim of this research was to determine the nutritional requirements of sodium for Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) during the periods of 1 to 21 d and 22 to 40 d of age, as well as to evaluate the residual effect on egg production and densitometry bone traits from 41 to 63 d. Two experiments were developed. Experiment 1: 360 Japanese quail were used, from 1 to 21 d of age. Treatments consisted of 5 sodium levels (0.06, 0.12, 0.18, 0.24, and 0.30%). Experiment 2: 240 Japanese quail were used, from 22 to 40 d. Treatments consisted of 5 sodium levels (0.04, 0.12, 0.20, 0.28, and 0.36%). In both experiments, weight gain, final weight, and feed conversion presented a quadratic trend, whereas water intake presented a linear trend. Treatments did not affect the densitometry of bone traits, although they presented a quadratic influence on tibia ash, calcium, and calcium:phosphorus ratio. Therefore, the nutritional requirement of sodium for Japanese quail from 1 to 21 d and from 22 to 40 d is 0.222% and 0.253%, respectively.